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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">euraint</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ЕВРАЗИЙСКАЯ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ: экономика, право, политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-2929</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RANEPA.North-West Institute of Management.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WYVWZO</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">euraint-1574</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Договор о космосе 1967 года: проблемы толкования понятий «исследование» и «использование» в контексте коммерциализации космических ресурсов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The other Space Treaty: Problems of Interpretation of the Concepts of “Exploration” and “Use” in the Context of the Commercialization of Space Resources</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7984-5232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киченина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kichenina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киченина Виктория Сергеевна, кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры международного и гуманитарного права</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria S. Kichenina, PhD in Jurisprudence, Associate Professor of the Department of International and Humanitarian Law</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vskichenina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации, Северо-Западный институт управления<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>141</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Киченина В.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Киченина В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kichenina V.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.eijournal.ru/jour/article/view/1574">https://www.eijournal.ru/jour/article/view/1574</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования является проведение детального правового анализа содержания понятий «исследование» и «использование» космического пространства, включая Луну и иные небесные тела, закрепленных в Договоре о принципах деятельности государств по исследованию и использованию космического пространства 1967 года (далее — Договор о космосе), выявление точного юридического смысла этих терминов в контексте целей и принципов Договора о космосе, а также оценка влияния содержания данных дефиниций на формирование правового режима коммерческого использования космических ресурсов. Методология. Исследование основано на применении комплекса общенаучных и специальных методов: анализа, синтеза, исторического, логического, формально-юридического и сравнительно-правового. Анализируется международно-правовые акты, национальное законодательство, а также деятельность органов международных организаций. Результаты. Таким образом выявлено, что понятие «исследование» традиционно трактуется как изучение, а «использование» — как практическое применение космоса, однако границы «использования» являются размытыми. Результаты показывают, что отсутствие четкого определения в Договоре о космосе понятия «использование» порождает правовую неопределенность, особенно в вопросах коммерческой деятельности и эксплуатации космических ресурсов. Выводы. В результате сделан вывод о необходимости включить в понятие «использование» такие виды деятельности, как эксплуатация, добыча, освоение и конкретизировать их содержание. В противном случае будет сохраняться риск конфликтов и неэффективности правового режима в условиях стремительного технологического прогресса и коммерциализации космоса. Также требуется выработка согласованного подхода на международном уровне к толкованию ст. 2 Договора о космосе, прежде всего в рамках Комитета ООН по космосу, а также установление критериев, позволяющих отличать временное использование от деятельности, создающей устойчивый контроль над космическим пространством, включая Луну и другие небесные тела. При этом важно укреплять принципы транспарентности и сотрудничества между государствами, чтобы минимизировать риск перерастания использования в присвоение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. Тhe purpose of the study is to conduct a detailed legal analysis of the content of the concepts of “exploration” and “use” of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, as set out in the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space (hereinafter referred to as the Outer Space Treaty), to identify the exact legal meaning of these terms in the context of objectives and principles of the Outer Space Treaty, as well as an assessment of the impact of the content of these definitions on the formation of a legal regime for the commercial use of space resources. Methods. The research is based on the application of a set of general scientific and special methods: analysis, synthesis, historical, logical, formal-legal and comparative-legal. The article analyzes international legal acts, national legislation, as well as the activities of international organizations. Results. Thus, it is revealed that the concept of “research” is traditionally interpreted as a study, and “use” as a practical application of space, however, the boundaries of “use” are blurred. The results show that the lack of a clear definition of the concept of “use” in the Outer Space Treaty creates legal uncertainty, especially in matters of commercial activities and the exploitation of space resources. Conclusions. As a result, it is concluded that it is necessary to include in the concept of “use” such types of activities as exploitation, extraction, development and specify their content. Otherwise, there will be a risk of conflicts and inefficiency of the legal regime in the context of rapid technological progress and commercialization of space. It also requires the development of an internationally agreed approach to the interpretation of Article 2 of the Outer Space Treaty, primarily within the framework of the UN Committee on Outer Space, as well as the establishment of criteria to distinguish temporary use from activities that create sustainable control over outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies. At the same time, it is important to strengthen the principles of transparency and cooperation between States in order to minimize the risk of exploitation escalating into appropriation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>космическое право</kwd><kwd>запрет национального присвоения</kwd><kwd>Комитет ООН по космосу</kwd><kwd>исследование</kwd><kwd>использование</kwd><kwd>ресурсы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>space law</kwd><kwd>prohibition of national appropriation</kwd><kwd>United Nations Committee on Outer Space</kwd><kwd>research</kwd><kwd>use</kwd><kwd>resources</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волынская О. А. Юбилей Договора по космосу 1967 года // Московский журнал международного права. 2017. № 4. С. 82–95. EDN: YUELEJ. DOI: 10.24833/0869-0049-2017-4-82-95</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volynskaya, O. A. 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