Main Trends in the Development of the Migration Situation in the Republic of Crimea in the Period 2014–2021

The article analyzes the most basic changes in the migration situation in the Republic of Crimea after joining Russia and until the end of 2021. The migration situation in Sevastopol is not considered, because it has its own specific features that require a separate study. Aim. Aim to identify the most important trends in changes in the migration situation in the Republic of Crimea, after joining Russia, in the period from 2014 to 2021. Methods. The use of statistical and system-structural methods made it possible to identify the main trends in the change in the migration situation in the Republic of Crimea. The comparative-geographical method made it possible to determine the main directions of flows of external and internal migrants. Results. The Republic of Crimea is characterized by a positive balance of migration, which is traditional for this region. The migration influx of migrants in the period under review compensated for a significant part of the natural decline in the population of the peninsula. The share of migrants from Ukraine has decreased, which is caused by the complication of the political situation. Migration from the post-Soviet countries: Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan has increased significantly. There is a trend towards an increase in interregional migration not only at the expense of neighboring subjects of the Russian Federation (Krasnodar Territory, Rostov and Voronezh regions), but also Moscow, St. Petersburg, Arkhangelsk Region and a number of other regions of the Russian Federation. In intraregional migrations, there was a movement of the population from the northern regions to the south and south-east of the peninsula. Conclusions. Among the main trends in external migration in the Republic of Crimea in the period from 2014 to 2021, it is worth noting: an increase in the share of final migrants from the regions of the Russian Federation, including the return of Crimeans who received Russian citizenship after the collapse of the USSR and live in Russia. The influx of temporary migrants was facilitated by the implementation of major federal targeted programs on the peninsula. A characteristic feature was the increase in the migration outflow from the Republic of Crimea, mainly young people, to large Russian cities. Limited potential for growth in the level of socio-economic development of a number of territories of the peninsula; Problems related to transport infrastructure have affected the change in the geography of settlement of both external and intraregional migrants. Fundamental changes in the geopolitical and geo-economic position of the Republic of Crimea have had a significant impact on the transformation of the migration situation, while the traditional trends associated with the migration attractiveness of the territory have been preserved.

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