The Participation of the Russian Gas Company in Projects of a Public-Private Partnership (the Example of Gazprom PJSC)

Aim. To explore participation of “Gazprom” PJSC in Russian public-private partnership projects. Methods: institutional approach, document analysis, case study, generalization and synthesis. Results. The article examines specific examples of the implementation of the capital participation model and the contractual public-private partnership of “Gazprom” PJSC. The model of participation in capital is the priority model, which is confirmed by the state’s controlling stake in the company and is expressed in significant state support for “Gazprom” PJSC by guaranteeing an advantageous position in the high-yield market, providing large loans from banks with state participation, ensuring attractive tax conditions for work in promising segments of the economy and concluding profitable contracts with public authorities. However, the company has to take on social obligations in the form of gasification of whole country, which to a certain extent harms its own economic efficiency. At the same time, “Gazprom” PJSC can be both a public and a private partner in PPP projects. Conclusions. The key problem for “Gazprom” PJSC remains the commitments it has made to gasify the country, which require investments from the company and are characterized by low profitability. The ways to solve this problem may be to involve other gas companies in the implementation of gasification projects within the framework of PPP; to ensure the profitability of gasification projects for “Gazprom” PJSC itself by providing the latter with tax breaks or increasing export supplies of gas to the Asia-Pacific market, which will also provide access to gas for regions of Siberia and the Far East; to reduce the gasification program by optimizing energy consumption and developing alternative sources such as liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas.

1. Varnavsky, V. G. Public-private Partnership. Moscow : IMEMO RAS, 2009. Vol. 1 (In Russ.). EDN: AEXGIG.

2. Karaganov, S. A., Kozylov, I. S. Eastern Turn 2.0, or “Siberization” of Russia // Russia in Global Affairs. 2025. Vol. 23, No. 1. P. 221–229 (In Russ.). EDN: FXGAOO. DOI: 10.31278/1810-6439-2025-23-1-221-229.

3. Kryukov, V., Shmat, V. Development of the Petrochemical Industry in Russia: New Challenges, New Trends // Energy Policy. 2023. No. 9 (188). P. 41–61 (In Russ.). EDN: LRKPFK. DOI: 10.46920/24095516_2023_9188_40.

4. Maslova, S. V., Eremin, V. V. Problems of Legal Regulation of Public-Private Partnership in Russian Legal Studies before and After the Adoption of the Federal Law on Public-Private Partnership. Part one // Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Law. 2023. No. 1. P. 141–158 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21638/spbu14.2023.109.

5. Pravosudov, S. A. Oil and Gas: Money and Power. Moscow : Partnership of Scientific Publications KMK, 2017 (In Russ.).

6. Semikashev, V. V., Gaivoronskaya, M. S. Analysis of the Present State and Prospects of Gasificat ion in Russia for the Period up to 2030 // Studies on Russian Economic Development. 2022. Vol. 33, No. 1. P. 65– 72 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.47711/0868-6351-190-91-100.

7. Smirnov, V. A. Economic Justification of the Gas Industry Strategy Based on the Consistent Change of Promising Centers of Gas Resource Development // Russian Foreign Trade Bulletin. 2007. No. 2. P. 68–78 (In Russ.). EDN: JYLINA.

8. Smotritskaya, I. I., Frolova, N. D. Quality of Corporate Governance in Companies with State Participation: Empirical Assessments // Stage: Economic Theory, Analysis, Practice. 2022. No. 4. P. 59–85 (In Russ.). EDN: YUTBZE. DOI: 10.24412/2071-6435-2022-4-59-85.

9. Tadzhibova, L. N. The Title of the Article: Social Aspects of Interaction between Large Companies and Public Authorities // Humanitarian, Socio-Economic and Social Sciences. 2023. No. 2. P. 51–54 (In Russ.). EDN: IOAMVY. DOI: 10.23672/SAE.2023.11.60.001.

10. Kharchilava, H. P., Bottaev, A. Yu. Corporate Governance in Companies with State Participation // Management. 2017. No. 1 (15). P. 88–92 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.12737/24706.

11. Chernykh, S. State Capitalism in Russia: Theory, Practice and Modern Trends // Society and Economy. 2021. No. 2. P. 5–17 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.31857/S020736760013633-5.

12. Shmanev, S. V. Gasification in Russia: Problems and Prospects // Economy, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2025. Vol. 15, No. 6. P. 4093–4108 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18334/epp.15.6.123231.