Preview

EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics

Advanced search
No 3 (2018)
View or download the full issue PDF (Russian)

FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

MAIN THING

12-16 563
Abstract

When designing and implementing the State strategy of the public authorities must take into account the potential of integration processes. The environmental agenda forms the conditions for the development of international cooperation and the implementation of joint projects. Potential for integration of the Arctic can now be implemented in cooperation with other players in the world market.

Objective: to define the environmental agenda in the context of international cooperation, implementation of joint projects and development of the integration potential of the Arctic region.

Methods: the goal is achieved through using of both general (system method, synthesis, generalization) and special scientific methods. The source base consists of official documents of the state authorities of the Russian Federation.

Results: environmental safety is one of the most important components of national security. However, in periods of restructuring of political processes, economic crisis and transformation of the social structure of society, environmental problems are in the shadow of more relevant issues, as it seems in society. Arctic ecosystems are the most vulnerable in comparing with ecosystems of other natural zones. This requires a special attitude to the problems of environmental safety.

Conclusions: the integration potential of the Arctic can now be realized in cooperation with other players of the world market. In this regard, it is unacceptable situation in which the territory of one of the states of the Arctic club are provided with understated requirements for environmental activities. It is necessary to develop a common environmental agenda for the implementation of integration projects.

ECONOMY

17-26 450
Abstract

General features characterize all six components of the genotype of the Eurasian and North American civilization — naturalecological, sociodemographic, technological, economic, socio-cultural, public-political and geopolitical. Overcoming the current confrontation and move towards the strategic partnership of Russia and the United States is dictated by the objective laws of the development of society and its interaction with nature in a new historical stage dynamics of civilizations. Civilizational approach provides an opportunity to define a system of long-term priorities the strategic partnership of Russia and the United States based on genotype structure of civilization and indigenous interests of the peoples of the two countries.

27-35 537
Abstract

At present, the use of the term “new normal” as a new reality, characterizes a situation of challenge that requires a new model of economic development which would take into consideration current threats and risks. The article analyzes the possibility of implementing a concept of sustainable development in the context of new challenges at the energy market. Such challenges are the formation of the model of a low-carbon economy, the oversupply of hydrocarbons, and changing conditions of competition at the gas market. A key factor in restructuring the global energy industry is the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon-free sources of energy rejecting traditional production technologies are becoming increasingly popular. Accelerated innovative development of the oil and gas sector of economy is an adequate response and a measure of Russia’s sensible reaction to the current challenges at the energy market. Innovative development of enterprises in the oil and gas sector is associated with a transition from the profit maximization model to the added value maximization model which forms an innovative vector of development of the industry. The article revisits the conditions for effectively using the global competitive advantages of the Russian Federation in the energy sector, and suggests measures of state support for creating favourable conditions for the innovative development of enterprises in the oil and gas sector.

36-44 640
Abstract

The purpose of this work is to consider the features of the use of environmental mythology, to give scientific validity to the plans of the organizers of the “new world order”. The basic principles and stages of reforming the world community according to the plans of globalization, in order to eliminate its structural structure as a set of States. The necessity of masking the true goals of globalists is noted. The features of nature use in the modern Western society and their connection with the modern global ecological crisis are considered. The fundamental principles of environmental management of the market economy are considered: natural resources are “inexhaustible” and “do not have their own value”. The myth of “global warming” is considered. A critical assessment of the versions of warming and cooling of the earth’s climate is given. The analysis of the reasons for the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the surface layer of the atmosphere. The statement about the forthcoming rise in the level of the world ocean due to the release of carbon dioxide by anthropogenic sources is considered. Abstract analysis of the scientific discussion is made: how do the phenomena of increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide over the past decades and the increase in the temperature of the surface of the atmosphere at the same time relate to each other. The reasons why the pseudoscientific myth of “global warming” is persistently promoted by supporters of globalism through mass media are analyzed. The following conclusions are made. Climate warming is a consequence of natural cyclic fluctuations in the temperature of the atmosphere of our planet. Since the cause of warming is not man-made, this process can not be regulated by man. The increase in the amount of carbon dioxide is due to the increase in the temperature of the planet due to the impact of changing space factors, which in the history of the Earth periodically change, leading to glacial and interglacial periods. The anthropogenic nature of climate warming is not true, but this version is used by supporters of globalism for political purposes, as it allows to build a myth about the guilt of countries that own resources in activating the “greenhouse effect”. And if so, say the supporters of the “new world order”, the world can be saved only through the forcible deprivation of the sovereignty of States on natural resources.

LAW

45-48 384
Abstract

Target. The purpose of this article is to consider the problems of doctrinal approaches to the implementation of the provision of obligations of states under international treaties. The authors analyze the current principles and doctrines of securing obligations under international treaties, suggest that the fundamental principles of fulfilling state obligations through the prism of the doctrine of jus cogens be considered.

Methods. Such methods as: system analysis method, synthesis method, formal-legal method, logical method, analogy method are used in the work.

Results and conclusions. The authors suppose that a direct recognition of the principle of conscientious fulfillment of international obligations by a peremptory norm of international law in disputes where all participants agreed to this provision is necessary. The agreement with the “vertical” action of this principle, that is, the extension to national legislation, will allow to minimize, and in some cases to exclude the possibility of refusing to fulfill the obligation due to the decision of the national authority. The use of the jus cogens doctrine as applied to the principles of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations by the states will, to a large extent, allow to move towards legal impact on the states within the framework of international law, and will become an additional element of ensuring the responsibility of the state in fulfilling its obligations arising from international treaties.

49-54 502
Abstract

The Charter of the United Nations since the foundation of the organization in 1945 is a fundamental document for the legal activities of all the states and international organizations. Since the United Nations (UN) was created to “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war”, the main task of maintaining international peace and security requires that the changes in the security system that occur in the modern international community be taken into account in the work of the organization. Expanding the scope of application of the norms of international public law led to the formation of mutually exclusive approaches to regulating international relations in various areas of international cooperation. In the Russian and foreign doctrine, this problem is widely discussed in the context of the fragmentation of international law. The vertical fragmentation of international law as a result of the establishment of regional integration associations, such as the Eurasian Economic Union, may contribute to a more harmonious social development, taking into account the cultural specifics of the region. The solution to the problem of harmonization of international regional cooperation lies in the creation of special UN mechanisms aimed at a uniform understanding of the prospects for sustainable development by all the countries.

55-59 490
Abstract

This article describes the process of formation of the Institute of international non-governmental organizations in the post-Soviet space. Problems of interpretation of provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the sphere of non-profit organizations are presented. The development of legislation in the field of voluntary Association of citizens guided by the protection of global values is analyzed. On the basis of the study, the authors propose measures aimed at transparency of organizations aimed at providing free assistance to categories of citizens in need of this support.

POLICY

60-68 753
Abstract

The notion of Big Eurasia included in scientific and political lexicon is relatively recent and rapidly filled with new content. Awakening public interest in the Eurasianism coincided with the objective trend of integration States that emerged in Eurasia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Offensive Antropocene as new geological epoch and global developments Eurasia’s «geopolitical plates», the industrial revolution 4.0 and the resultant feeling of «life in the crumbles world» fundamentally change the inner world of man, power over which all more tightly beginning to capture mechanisms to algorithmization of conduct and Artificial Intelligence. Projective function Big Eurasia as ideological and theoretical construct is implemented in the policy documents and contracts for coalitions of States of the continent on a mezhcivilizacionnoj basis.

69-80 560
Abstract

The purpose of the article is to define lawfulness of the use of restrictions and trade sanctions from the perspective of human rights.

Methods: To achieve the purpose were used as research methods general and special scientific methods. As for the general scientific research methods, the author used system analysis, synthesis and generalisation. The study applied the historical method for analysing the background of this issue, as well as case study for review of activities of the UN Human Rights Council.

Conclusions: Of special importance is the fact that the term “sanctions” does not have any commonly agreed interpretation. Author demonstrates the importance of concretisation the definition. It is underlined that disputes cause the so-called “secondary” sanctions related with extraterritoriality. It is highlighted the contribution to prove their inadmissibility is currently particularly significant from the point of view of human rights norms.

Results: The article examines contemporary interpretations on the issue and definitions of economic sanctions concepts as well. It is shown the essential role of contribution the UN Human Rights Council in the solution of the problem of negative impact of unilateral coercive measures on the enjoyment of human rights.

81-86 509
Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems of Russian educational services promoting to international markets. The author carried out the analysis of the efforts made at the government level and a wide range of expert assessments on the studied issues. The author proposeda number of recommendations for developing a new strategy for promoting Russian educational services and to increase the number of Asian, Eastern European and Western European students in Russian universities.

EURASIAN CHRONICLE

REVIEWS



ISSN 2073-2929 (Print)