FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
MAIN THING
The very complex trends in global development are now being reinterpreted. The epidemic and pandemic were accelerating current trends in world development, both obviously negative and conditionally positive. However, there is no new quality of international relations, including international foreign economic relations. Inevitably, traditional contradictions between organizations, countries, classes and social groups are exacerbated.
ECONOMY
The article presents an exposition of Arctic cooperation between Russia and China in the context of the Eurasian Economic Union development. China is viewed as a subject of the generally accepted segment of the Arctic economy. The author analyses Russian-Chinese strategic cooperation in the Arctic through the prism of the conjugation of the Russian Northern Sea Route and the Chinese Maritime Silk Road of the 21st century (Ice Silk Road). The key factors of the two countries’ interest in the joint development of the Northern Sea Route are identified. The researcher Kuklina E. A. determines promising cooperation areas in the Arctic macroregion (expert and analytical activities in the form of creating Russian-Chinese “think tanks”; investment activities in the form of direct investments in offshore oil and gas projects).
The paper presents the results of the next research stage on Russia’s interstate electric connections. The issues related to the electric power reintegration of Russia with the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus are considered. The article studies the economic efficiency and joint access possibilities of the considered national electric power systems into the electric power markets of Southern and Minor Asia and Middle East countries. The authors estimated preliminary characteristics of the potential the interstate power interconnection “Caspian energy ring”. The high economic efficiency of creating an interstate power grid in this region is shown.
LAW
The article outlines current trends in the legal regulation of foreign direct investment; analyzes the current approaches of EAEU member states to the restriction of foreign investment; systematizes the provisions of the Union law, which affect the adoption and application of national measures to restrict and control foreign direct investment; identifies the conceptual differences between EAEU law and EU law in regulating freedom of establishment. The aim of the research is to determine the degree of the EAEU law influence on the introduction by member states of restrictive measures against direct investment from member states. The author concludes that the legal framework for national measures to restrict FDI from member states is predetermined by the norms of the Union law on ensuring freedom of establishment as a form of investment, operated with individual and general exceptions, that allow to take the measures necessary to protect the national priority interests.
The article discloses the basic privileges and immunities of the international organizations staff, as established by the provisions of international law. The author considers dispute settlement practices involving international organizations staff to determine compliance with international norm-setting which regulates the law institution in question, including cooperation with the national norm-setting.
The modern stage of world civilization development is characterized by a breakthrough in the scientific and technological sphere. Currently, national governments are betting on the use of unmanned navigation in the modern maritime industry. However, the Central problem here is the absence of appropriate legal operation of unmanned marine vehicles in terms of the established global ocean legal regime leading to the inevitable conflicts between subjects of international law.
Based on the legal norm analysis of international and national maritime legislation, the author concludes that it is necessary to unify the terminology and conceptual apparatus governing the legal status and operation of ships without crews in various categories of maritime spaces, in order to resolve the dialectical contradiction that arises in the context of the evolutional transition from traditional navigation to unmanned navigation technologies.
This study is about fear of crime, which is one of the most important topics in the criminological research.
The study tested an integrated model in structural equation modeling method by using both SPSS and AMOS. Those who perceive higher levels of incivility were found to be more fearful of crime. Policies to reduce fear of crime and implications for future research were discussed based on the findings.
POLICY
Growing complexity of the modern world order calls for the search for strategic stability in order to prevent a new global military clash. In view of recent political events, Russia and China have strengthened their cooperation, creating a strategic stability dyad in contrast to the United States and other Western countries. However, the strategic stability of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China is not fully beneficial for Russia due to the peculiarity of the Chinese strategic culture, which is cinocentric. The absence of Russian strategic culture eliminates the equality of the two countries and pushes Russia to submit and mimic China. The author offers her vision of balancing the two forces. The first is the legal basis, which is to update the bilateral agreement between Russia and China with an effort to strengthen the positions and advantages of the Russian side. The second is the development of Russian strategic thinking and, as a result, the emergence of national strategic culture that will contribute to the formation of an adequate foreign policy course of the Russian Federation in the new world stability.
The objective is to define the main parameters and current state of the institutionalization of international anti-terrorist activities in the Eurasian area. At the same time, the authors focus is on the institutional and legal aspects of institutionalizing the fight against terrorism in formats of CIS, CSTO, SCO. Also, the article defines and characterizes the problematic field of the stable system formation for interaction between different anti-terrorist structures in the Eurasian space in the context of existing institutionalization models of anti-terrorist cooperation (UN, NATO, EU, etc.). Authors justified the assumptions about the institutionalization and possible prospects of the Eurasian anti-terrorist initiative and the role of Russia in its implementation.
The aim of the work was to study the geopolitical processes in the South Caucasus, representing the “Eurasian Balkans”. Based on the discourse analysis, the geopolitical position of the region and the geopolitical interests of its main actors were considered. The transformation of the Karabakh knot of geopolitical contradictions from a regional confrontation into a special “chess game” with the active participation of Western countries is shown. In this game Turkey is trying to become the leading center for development a new geopolitical structure of interaction between the Eurasian Turkic-speaking states as opposed to the Russian Eurasian project. It is concluded that only Russia can become the guarantor of peace and exert geopolitical influence on the wider region of the Greater Caucasus.
The article is devoted to the consideration of the nature and characteristics of Russian national identity. The research focus is concentrated on the youth state and civic identity study. State and civic identity was defined through its spatial embodiment. The spatial identity of Russians is largely subject to cognitive processes, and is associated with knowing, or not knowing the names of the cities of the residence country and ideas about their territorial location in the geographical space. Students of Moscow universities acted as carriers of information on the problem. A survey technique was used. The author assumed that the representatives of Russian youth adequately perceive the geography of the country. In particular, it had to be expressed in a relatively correct idea of the location of large cities in Russia. The hypothesis was based on the knowledge that the citizens of Russia socialized in the socio-cultural conditions of Russian society, took on the formative influence of educational and upbringing institutions, and therefore have a formed Russian identity.
It was found that socialization in the current socio-cultural conditions does not lead to the formation of an adequate state-civil identity of young people. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data, the article discusses the reasons that determine the current state of affairs. Considerations are expressed about the potential negative consequences of such a state of identity for the national security and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation.
To determine the capabilities of the Eurasian Economic Union to overcome the global economic crisis associated with the spread of coronavirus infection, and to restore the economy in the post-coronavirus period, the author conducts a SWOT analysis and reveals the strengths and weaknesses of Eurasian integration in the context of external challenges. The Eurasian Economic Union has a fundamental basis that allows it to undertake anti-crisis measures quickly — this is the presence of institutional mechanisms of interaction on the platform of a supranational body — the Eurasian Economic Commission. As a result, the author proposes to focus on such advantages of the association as high human and scientific potential; and to prioritize the development of information and communication and medical technologies, energy efficient technologies, a “green” economy, which may become a specialization of the region in the new time, in order to avoid falling into export and commodity dependence on the new economic leader — China. The relevance of the study is due to the ongoing work of the Eurasian Economic Commission to prepare an action plan for the implementation of the Strategic Directions for the Development of Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025.
The article considers political problems and current angles of views on the state and prospects of security. Human security is highlighted as a global problem. Its importance was confirmed by the COVID-19 pandemic that broke out in the world. The author pointed out the growing world’s complexity and the human lag in its understanding. It has led to the inclusion in the global agenda of the question how to bridge this “human gap”. Attention is drawn to the fact that the current paradigm of safety assurance, is not able to cope with the emerging threats to the existence of the contemporary civilization. It is suggested that the task of ensuring human security should be considered as an integral part of the global development agenda. The author analyzes Eurasian vector of development in the context of the global security problem. It is proposed to direct the efforts of scientists to the scientific discussion of this problem, including the scientific events held in this regard in Russia in cooperation with UNESCO, the World Academy of Art and Science and the Club of Rome.