Aim. To update attention on the need to form the ideology of Eurasian integration, expressing not only economic, but also common socio-political and spiritual interests and a vision of the common future of the EAEU.

Tasks. To reveal the essence of the ideology of Eurasian nationalism, the value content of the concept of the Community of the Common Destiny of Humanity and the possibility of their complementary integrity in the ethno-political continuum of Greater Eurasia.

Methods. Civilizational and concrete-historical approaches, as well as axiological discourse regarding the ideological choice in a multi-ethnic community.

Results. The enduring value of the concepts of Eurasian nationalism, inverted in relation to modernity, and the Community of the Common Destiny of Mankind is substantiated. The main directions of the search for theoretical and axiological foundations are determined.

Conclusion. On the agenda of Eurasian integration is the search for conditions for the rejection of libertarian ideology, serving the interests of international capital, and not peoples with a common historical destiny. It is necessary to search for its own kind of social-conservative synthesis, which combines the restoration of socialist ideology with the spiritual traditions of the Eurasian peoples.

The article examines Russian-Chinese relations in the context of the interface between the projects of the Eurasian Economic Union and the project “One Belt — One Road.” For a relatively long time, experts considered the difficulty of connecting these projects. The EAEU is an integration association of some countries of the post-Soviet space. Regarding the economic belt of the Silk Road, there has long been a discussion about its essence and mechanisms. The complexity of the interface was seen in the obvious difference in the essence of the projects, and hence the interface mechanisms themselves. The concept of “One Belt — One Road” is used by us as a generalization for all individual projects put forward by the People’s Republic of China. In fact, this does not change the interface problem. Recently, with the emergence of new views on integration issues and the formation of the theory of Eurasian integration, it became possible to consider it as a certain mechanism for achieving other more significant goals.

Aim. The purpose of the study is to analyze Russian-Chinese relations in the context of the impact of the development of integration projects of EAEU and OBOR.

Tasks. Thus, the tasks of the study were: to show the possibility of studying the interaction of projects within the framework of integration interaction; show that interaction is a mechanism for influencing Russian-Chinese relations.

Methods. The research methodology is based on modern views on the process of Eurasian integration, more precisely on such concepts as “pragmatic Eurasianism,” “securing integration,” “geographical poles of inaccessibility,” “transport union.” At the same time, the main idea is integration as a mechanism for achieving other goals, including the possibility of influencing international relations. Under current circumstances, the COVID-19 pandemic has a direct impact on international relations and in particular on international economic relations. Since the modern development, primarily economic relations, is largely determined by the influence of the pandemic, the secondary task was to show the stability of integration associations to the conditions of the pandemic.

Results. The results were: the possibility of using the provisions of the modern theory of Eurasian integration to solve the problems of interaction between the EAEU and the OBOR was shown; it is shown that the ideological contradictions of the projects of the EAEU (protection of preferences of the common customs territory) and the OBOR (creation of extensive FTAs) are partially removed by the signed agreements within the framework of the interface; resistance of integration structures to pandemic is shown.

Conclusions. New approaches to defining the integration process, in particular, the theory of Eurasian integration — “pragmatic Eurasianism” is focused on the possibility of achieving the goals of the “One Belt — One Road” project and the concept of the Great Eurasian Partnership and provides an opportunity to show the dynamics of development, including in Russian-Chinese relations.

The widespread use of new technologies based on digitalization has recently intensified, due to the processes associated with changes in business organization. Serious attention is paid to this direction of development by business representatives engaged in economic activities in international trade and governments of the leading economies of the world, including China and Russia. The introduction of digitalization processes in various sectors of the economy has become a conscious necessity. In order to theoretically substantiate and subsequently achieve the necessary level of development of information technologies and communications, analytical studies and testing of changes in this area are being conducted in many countries. The economy based on the introduction of digital technologies determines the vector of development of the economies of countries for the long term.

Aim. Analyze the digital transformation of the Chinese economy, identify positive experience in the application of digital solutions and their impact on the simplification of customs procedures and correlate the results with Russia.

Tasks. Consider technological trends in digital transformation; to study the results of the policy in carrying out the digitalization of the economy of China and Russia; to consider possible promising areas for the development of cooperation between China and Russia in the field of digital.

Methods. Statistical analysis of data and synthesis of the results obtained for comparison purposes.

Results. As a result of the study, the following results were obtained: a) a comparative analysis of the changes in the values of indicators on the Global Connectivity Index (GCI) of China and Russia in 2020 compared to 2015 was carried out, the reasons for the changes that occurred were substantiated; b) the dynamics of exports and imports of China, as well as data on trade turnover between China and Russia for the period from 1991 to October 2021; c) the experience of customs administration in China is considered and possible directions of its application in Russia are determined.

Conclusion. The positive experience of China’s customs administration in the light of the digitalization of economic processes can be used in Russia, which can certainly improve the current situation in the field of customs administration in our country.

The article examines the macroeconomic indicators of the EAEU countries, used in quantitative methods for assessing financial integration, as well as a number of documents that form the common financial market (CFM) of the EAEU.

Aim. To identify the content of the concept of the EAEU CFM, having determined the elements of control of the movement of financial services and capital, to assess the possibilities of its formation, taking into account the achieved integration.

Task. To confirm the hypothesis that the insufficiently high existing level of financial integration in the EAEU is the reason why the mechanisms of the EAEU CFM cannot be sufficiently developed.

Methods. Correlation analysis, analysis and comparison of texts.

Results. Capital mobility is high in Russia and Kyrgyzstan. Converging consumption growth rates is a sign of equalizing financial risks. The countries differ in their exchange rate regimes, two of them maintain a double exchange rate, three have requirements for the repatriation of foreign exchange earnings. Capital flow measures are multidirectional. The CFM assumes the approximation of legislation in the field of financial services. Countries only commit to cross-border supply and consumption abroad for four subsectors, commercial presence is governed by national legislation, and the presence of natural persons is subject to migration regulations. The obligations to liberalize the services market taken to the WTO are not uniform, and the list of exemptions from obligations under the EAEU Treaty is more restrictive than obligations to the WTO. Most of the foreign exchange regulation measures are implemented in accordance with national laws. Investors from member states do not receive national treatment upon establishment.

Conclusion. The hypothesis is confirmed. The significance of the work for the theories of financial integration lies in the identification of the forms in which the CFM EAEU exists. The recommendations are intended for use in the work of the Eurasian Economic Commission.

The present study is aimed at forming proposals to stimulate accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation in the conditions of increasing global crises associated with the influence of the unstable international situation in connection with the events in Ukraine and the introduction, as well as the prospect of sanctions against the Russian Federation, as well as the impact on both the world and the Russian economy of the consequences of significant restrictions due to the situation with coronavirus.

Aim. Formation of proposals for accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation based on the use of strategic investment projects in the conditions of reconstruction of territorial production complexes, which will form the prerequisites for the advanced development of the regions.

Tasks. To consider approaches to stimulating accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation and its assessment based on: the use of key performance indicators; diversification of the economic potential of the regions, as well as the use of venture financing; introduction of the concepts of strategic investment projects and strategic investment initiatives into strategic regional development programs; the use of the theory of the territorial-industrial complex in modern economic conditions.

Methods. In this paper, using the methods of factorial, statistical and quantitative analysis, proposals have been developed for the formation of measures to achieve maximum success in the innovative development of advanced industries in the regions of the Russian Federation.

Results. The study showed that in order to achieve the objectives of accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation, when forming strategic planning documents, it is necessary to focus on the main “development complexes”, participation in the implementation of a new model of economic growth based on the prin ciples of public-private partnership based on a comprehensive theoretical and methodological approach to the formation of socio-economic policy and the active use of strategic investment projects.

Conclusions. It is advisable in the strategic programs of the regions to determine the creation of hightech innovative projects for processing raw materials available on the territory in order to get out of the dependence of the economy on raw materials; to create the necessary conditions for improving the investment climate in order to attract high-tech projects of leading world states for their further use in their own needs; actively diversify existing own high-tech projects in order to maximize profits and create an image of a highly developed, competitive region; create high-tech divisions on the basis of financial and economic institutions to launch and finance innovative, knowledge-intensive projects with a view to their further diversification and integration both in the region and with third entities.

This study examines the transregional interaction of the EAEU with third countries within the framework of the concept of “soft power” on the basis of concluded cooperation agreements bearing international legal obligations.

Aim. The study aims to identify the features of the bilateral interaction of the EAEU with Vietnam, Singapore, China, Serbia and Iran within the framework of the concept of “soft power” based on a comparative analysis of political and legal documents on cooperation.

Tasks. The author defines the conceptual foundations of the economic dimension of “soft power”; considers political and legal documents on cooperation concluded between the EAEU and Vietnam, Singapore, China, Serbia, Iran, and identifies the components of “soft power” on the basis of the concluded documents.

Methods. The study uses methods of content analysis and comparative analysis of political and legal documents on cooperation based on criteria such as legal form, institutional mechanism, areas of cooperation to identify the features of bilateral cooperation between the EAEU and Vietnam, Singapore, China, Serbia, Iran and the components of “soft power”.

Results. The study shows that the “soft power” components of political and legal documents on cooperation are more presented in the relationship between the EAEU and Vietnam and Singapore. It is the provisions of these agreements that most often mention scientific and technical cooperation and the implementation of joint research projects, scientific and educational exchange, and education issues. Nevertheless, there are risks in the field of integration interaction between the EAEU and the aforementioned countries, due to both the geographical factor and their specifics in building integration relations with third countries.

Conclusions. Transregional interaction between the EAEU and the above-mentioned countries is aimed at the exchange of information, liberalization and transparency in trade, support for the mechanisms of the World Trade Organization (WTO). An analysis of political and legal documents on cooperation between the EAEU using the example of Vietnam and Singapore demonstrates the opportunities for the EAEU not only to integrate into the global economy and strengthen competitiveness, but also to increase the attractiveness of the EAEU states in terms of promoting the “soft power” strategy.

Aim. To analyze relevant provisions of the main national and international regulatory legal acts in the field of monitoring and control of new potentially dangerous substances.

Tasks. To study the current legal regulation of legal and illicit trafficking of new psychoactive substances in the Russian Federation and the EAEU states. To examine new amendments in the legislation of the European Union regulating the substances traffic control and illicit traffic countering. To provide an overview of the procedures of new psychoactive substances scheduling under the International Drug Control Conventions. To formulate proposals for improving the national and international anti-drug legislation.

Methods. The methods of logical and comparative legal analysis, as well as the legal prediction method have been used in this article.

Results. The legislation of the EAEU countries in the field of the control of the legal and illicit trafficking of new psychoactive substances needs to be improved and harmonized. The substances scheduling procedures under the international drug control conventions in the EU and the UN are very difficult multi-stage and excessively long. The timing of adoption of new regulatory acts certainly does not correspond to the potential danger of uncontrolled trafficking of new potentially dangerous psychoactive substances for public health.

Conclusion. The penalties under Art. 234.1 of the Russian Federation Criminal Code “Illicit trafficking of potentially dangerous psychoactive substances” should be toughened. The legal procedure for forming the state Register of new psychoactive substances must be changed. In the EAEU countries, it should be necessary to make agreement at the interstate level about a uniform approach to the introduction and content of criminal justice responses to the illicit trafficking of new psychoactive substances. In the EU countries and in the frame of the UN, the scheduling procedure under international drug control should be changed regarding new psychoactive substance. All such substances of this kind should be included in a Special Annex for which certain agreed control measures would be prescribed, with the possibility of subsequent expert evaluation of the potential danger of the substance to individual and public health. These established control measures in the fut ure might be toughened or reduced based on the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence critical review and the Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) position.

In this study, the public administration system of the Republic of Tajikistan has been analyzed and studied since the period of independence and the creation of a new political system with national characteristics of the 90s of the last century. The processes of formation, development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies are analyzed and shown. The public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan is in a state of transition and a number of important activities have been completed at this stage. First of all, the construction of a new political system of society and its gradual improvement and development are one of the important research issues.

Aim. The main purpose of the study is to determine the role of the «National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030» in strengthening the public administration system of the Republic of Tajikistan.

Tasks. Highlight the results and strategies in the development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies.

Methods. With the help of logical and comparative methods, determine the results of the reform and political transformation of the public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan.

Results. This important document shows the prospects for sustainable development of Tajikistan as a whole. The new strategy covers all spheres of public life, reforms in the field of public administration are one of its main points. Measures in the direction of the public administration system are taking into account the real life of the country and the requirements of the time, their implementation is aimed at a new level and quality of life for citizens in the country. The development of all sectors, including the economy, social and culture, largely depends on an effective system of public administration.

Conclusions. In this regard, its reform is timely and makes it possible to turn the Republic of Tajikistan from an agro-industrial country into an industrial-agrarian one. characteristics of the 90s of the last century. The processes of formation, development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies are analyzed and shown. The public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan is in a state of transition and a number of important activities have been completed at this stage. First of all, the construction of a new political system of society and its gradual improvement and development are one of the important research issues. Aim. The main purpose of the study is to determine the role of the «National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030» in strengthening the public administration system of the Republic of Tajikistan. Tasks. Highlight the results and strategies in the development of the public administration system of the period of independence of the Republic of Tajikistan and the management activities of public administration bodies. Methods. With the help of logical and comparative methods, determine the results of the reform and political transformation of the public administration system in the Republic of Tajikistan. Results. This important document shows the prospects for sustainable development of Tajikistan as a whole. The new strategy covers all spheres of public life, reforms in the field of public administration are one of its main points. Measures in the direction of the public administration system are taking into account the real life of the country and the requirements of the time, their implementation is aimed at a new level and quality of life for citizens in the country. The development of all sectors, including the economy, social and culture, largely depends on an effective system of public administration. Conclusions. In this regard, its reform is timely and makes it possible to turn the Republic of Tajikistan from an agro-industrial country into an industrial-agrarian one.

In today’s world, there is intense competition between integration entities that are working to strengthen and expand their political and economic positions. This article examines the movement of the Eurasian Economic Union in this direction. Aim. To propose a way to ensure a common legal space in the Eurasian Economic Union.

Tasks. To analyse the regulation in force in the Eurasian Economic Union on the execution of court judgments and arbitral awards, to identify problems that member states of the Eurasian Economic Union may encounter in the execution of court judgments and arbitral awards.

Methods. In this work were used both general scientific methods of knowledge: analysis, synthesis, generalization, and particular scientific methods: formal-logical, formal-legal, comparative-legal, method of legal prediction.

Results. One of the most acute problems faced by states in the execution of judicial and arbitral decisions is the problem of execution of annulled judicial or arbitral decisions. To prevent this problem within the European Economic Union, the author considers that the members of the European Economic Union should not accede to the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements in Civil or Commercial Matters of 2 July 2019, as it does not resolve the fate of annulled judgements. With regard to arbitral awards, it would be desirable for the Member States of the European Economic Union to conclude between themselves a protocol to the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards of 10 June 1958, which would exclude the enforceability of annulled arbitral awards in all the States parties to the Protocol. The drafting of this additional protocol could be entrusted to the Eurasian Economic Commission of the European Economic Union.

Conclusions. The Eurasian Economic Union needs to create a predictable legal space, which would primarily be ensured by the free movement of judicial and arbitral decisions.

This study examines the China’s Belt and Road Initiative in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has created new parameters for building the world order, putting forward life and health as the main values.

Aim. The study aims to analyze the Health Silk Road project as a Belt and Road’s important part which, according to the Chinese government’s statements, seeks to improve the health systems and health of the population of the participating countries.

Tasks. The author traces the genesis of the Health Silk Road project; describes the main measures taken by China within the framework of this initiative since the spring of 2020; determines its significance for the PRC’s domestic and foreign policy; analyzes the main benefits and risks for the project participants.

Methods. When working with scientific literature on the development of the Belt and Road Initiative under pandemic conditions, methods of critical and comparative analysis are applied. The author also analyzes the primary sources — statistical data, government documents, analytical materials, speeches by officials, papers of integration unions and international organizations, public opinion polls, etc.

Results. The demand for humanitarian (medical) cooperation at the present stage is substantiated; the PRC’s “mask diplomacy” and its importance for domestic and foreign policy, including impact on the image of the State, are characterized; the opinions of Western experts are analyzed; the assessment of the Build Back Better World Initiative undertaken by G7 countries as a “democratic alternative” to the Chinese project is given.

Conclusion. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the flexibility of China’s policy, which was able to adapt to the unstable international situation, find new opportunities and development vectors, including the Health Silk Road, which is likely to remain a significant direction of the Belt and Road Initiative in a post-COVID-19 world.

Cooperation between the regions of the Volga Federal District and the territories of the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River of the People’s Republic of China is one of the tools for activating multifaceted Russian-Chinese relations. The creation of a Sino-Russian cooperation mechanism through the Volga — Yangtze Format is of great importance for promoting the development of economic and trade exchanges between the two states, as well as the formation of points of contact in the humanitarian sphere. The similarity of geographical features of these regions is a good basis for the exchange of experience in solving economic, environmental and humanitarian problems of the development of territories located along major waterways.

Aim. The purpose of the work is to identify the main vectors of possible development of cooperation and ways to overcome the problems arising in this cooperation by analyzing the intensity of interregional cooperation between Russia and China in the Volga — Yangtze format.

Tasks. To analyze program documents and mass-media materials in terms of coverage of the implementation of Sino-Russian projects in the Volga-Yangtze format. To carry out a quantitative analysis of existing joint projects with China in the Volga Federal District. To identify the “growth points” of further economic cooperation between Russia and China in the Volga — Yangtze format.

Methods. Empirical research methods, search and analysis of information from mass media, analysis and comparison of data, comparison and generalization were used in the work.

Results. By studying the current state of the economic component of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the Volga — Yangtze format, it was possible to identify the difficulties existing in cooperation between the two sides, which could be purposefully solved if the effectiveness of local cooperation was strengthened.

Conclusions. At the present stage, there are some obstacles to the effective development of cooperation between the regions of the Volga Federal District and the territories of the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River of the People’s Republic of China in the Volga — Yangtze format, such as difficulties in the macroeconomic situation in Russia, the weakness of the foundation of regional cooperation, the need for an effective coordination mechanism at the regional level, as well as clear schemes of financial and tax support. In addition, based on the geographical features of the regions and the reliance of regional economies on water resources, the development of environmental cooperation in the Volga — Yangtze format would be a progressive format of cooperation.

ABSTRACT The article examines the global challenges facing the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) associated with significant progress in the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) and tools that form the international information space, and suggests directions for integration to overcome them. The rapid build-up by the countries of the world of their potential in the field of ICT predetermines the strategic nature of the advanced cooperation of the EAEU member states in the field of information security.

Aim. Determine the opportunities and prospects for cooperation between the EAEU Member States in the field of information security in the context of unprecedented digitalization of all spheres of life, due to the rapid development of ICT, while the Treaty on the EAEU of May 29, 2014 does not provide for information security issues.

Tasks. Consider the existing regulatory framework for bilateral and multilateral relations of the EAEU countries in the field of information security, determine the vector, priorities of the EAEU countries in building their national policies in the field of international information security with integration partners and the world community.

Methods. In this paper, using the methods of logical and deductive analysis, possible conditions for cooperation between the EAEU countries in the field of international information security are identified to overcome global challenges and threats and ensure the post-cuperation development of Eurasian integration.

Results. The study showed that today information security is not only a necessary condition for ensuring national sovereignty in the economic sphere, but these are issues of ensuring the independence of the state in the social, cognitive, military and political spheres. When considering the EAEU as one of the leading centers of power in the polycentric world, it is necessary to improve the existing paradigm for the development of Eurasian integration, laid down by the Treaty on the EAEU of May 29, 2014, in order not to be in conditions of unjustified expectations, providing for the involvement of issues of a new quality and character.

Conclusion. Considering that information policy issues are not regulated by the Treaty on the EAEU of May 29, 2014, seems justified and a very timely launch of the process of considering the possibility of creating a high-level working group on the formation of the Eurasian agenda in the field of international information security.

The article is an attempt to comprehend the current publications of the Russian media space in the context of various aspects of national and ethnic identity, harmonization of interethnic relations. The authors consider the images of external labor migrants constructed by the media (hereinafter referred to as the media), and the negative attitudes that have developed in society towards them.

Aim. The aim of the article is to show the problems of objectivity in the presentation of information about interethnic relations in the Russian media, to determine how publications in the media form the level of tolerance in society, and also to identify the role of the media space in countering the spread of xenophobia, nationalism and neo-fascism.

Tasks. To achieve this goal, the article solves several key tasks: the concept of “interethnic relations” is analyzed, the factors determining their state and conflict potential are identified, the mechanism of discursive construction of interethnic relations is revealed, differences in approaches to covering interethnic conflicts in various Russian print and electronic publications are shown.

Methods. The methodological basis of the work was the scientific methods of comparative system analysis, aimed at a comprehensive study of the media as a mechanism for regulating interethnic relations. The main method was content analysis of texts of print and electronic federal and regional media, articles, messages, Internet editions, bloggers’ comments, messages on social networks and text messages from various sources reflecting the problems of interethnic relations. Intent analysis of publications made it possible to determine a set of lexemes, the purpose of which is to create a negative image of the subject of the story.

Results. Based on the results of the content analysis, the main substantive and evaluative characteristics of interethnic relations in society, the contradictions in the formation of the image of external migrants present in the modern media space and a description of possible interaction strategies that Russian society is ready for at present were identified. The mechanism of discursive construction in the form of texts that provoke emotional perception of external migration over texts that contribute to its rational comprehension has been determined.

Conclusions. The analysis showed the weak role of the media in reflecting the problems of interethnic relations. Functionally, the activities of the media are aimed at ensuring interethnic harmony and regulating interethnic relations, however, to a greater extent, negative rhetoric towards foreign migrants prevails in the Russian media, which increases the level of migrant phobia among the population.

The article analyzes the mediation activity of Germany in the context of the common European approaches to the peaceful settlement of international conflicts.

Aim. To identify the importance of German mediation for foreign policy and its impact on the promotion of peace initiatives in the Eurasian space. Compare the current mediation tactics used by Germany today.

Tasks. To analyze the foreign policy instruments of the State in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, including the post-Soviet space.

Methods. The paper uses logical and comparative analysis, a method of working with regulatory legal acts.

Results. Mediation serves as an important foreign policy tool of the state in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, such as the post-Soviet space.

Conclusion. The authors show the main approaches of the German Federal Government to crisis prevention, which are based on a broad concept of security. The article provides a categorization of the main instruments of Germany’s participation in mediation processes, namely: participation in formal formats of conflict resolution; participation in informal formats of conflict resolution; confidencebuilding measures. Analyzing the experience of Germany’s participation in peace processes in the postSoviet space, the authors come to the conclusion that the state tries to remain in the shadows, playing the role of a mediator in conflicts, while coordinating its actions with other active actors involved in the region.